Spontaneous non-traumatic rupture of the thoracic aorta

N Handa, S Takamoto, M Hatanaka… - The Thoracic and …, 1994 - thieme-connect.com
N Handa, S Takamoto, M Hatanaka, T Minoshima, T Morota, M Harada, T Nagayama…
The Thoracic and cardiovascular surgeon, 1994thieme-connect.com
Spontaneous non-traumatic rupture of the aorta is a very rare condition that requires
immediate surgery. However, correct preoperative diagnosis is difficult or impossible to
establish. We report a case of spontaneous aortic rupture which was successfully treated by
emergency surgical exploration following a transesophageal echographic diagnosis of
hemopericardium. This case, as well as other reports, suggests that hemopericardium along
with Symptoms which suggest aortic dissection or rupture (eg, acute chest or back pain) …
Summary
Spontaneous non-traumatic rupture of the aorta is a very rare condition that requires immediate surgery. However, correct preoperative diagnosis is difficult or impossible to establish. We report a case of spontaneous aortic rupture which was successfully treated by emergency surgical exploration following a transesophageal echographic diagnosis of hemopericardium. This case, as well as other reports, suggests that hemopericardium along with Symptoms which suggest aortic dissection or rupture (eg, acute chest or back pain) should raise a strong suspicion of spontaneous aortic rupture even in the absence of intimal flap or aortic dilatation, and the emergency surgery may be life-saving.
Zusammenfassung
Die spontane nicht-traumatische Ruptur der Aorta ist ein seltenes Ereignis, das einer sofortigen chirurgischen Behandlung bedarf. Die exakte präoperative Diagnose ist jedoch oft schwierig oder unmöglich. Wir berichten über einen Fall von spontaner Aortenruptur, der erfolgreich durch eine Notoperation behandelt wurde, nachdem mittels transoesophagealem Echo ein Hämoperikard diagnostiziert worden war. Dieser Fall, wie auch andere Berichte, sollten dazu Anlaß geben, bei Vorliegen eines Hämoperikards und gleichzeitigen Symptomen einer Aortendissektion bzw.-ruptur (akute Thorax-oder Rückenschmerzen) auch ohne den Nachweis eines anatomischen Korrelats (Dilatation, Doppellumen) eine spontane Aortenruptur zu vermuten. Eine sofortige chirurgische Intervention kann lebensrettend sein.
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